Building construction



H. HAUSS.

,BulLnING coNsIRucTmN.'

APPLICATIONl FILED FEB. 21I9I8.

HERMANN HAUSS, 0F' PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, y1920.

Application led February 2, 1918. Seri/a1 No. 215,053.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it know-n that I, HERMANN HAUss, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to building constructions and has special reference to such structures as embody concrete beams for their load bearing strength.

One object of my invention is to `provide a light, strong and inexpensive structure for ioors or walls of the aforesaid character that shall provide a relativelyplane ceiling surface to which plaster may be applied directly.

Another object is to provide an inexpensive struc'ture which is readily set up without skilled labor which shall have ample strength with minimum Weight.

In order that my invention may be thoroughly understood I will now proceed to describe the same in the following specification, and then point out the novel features thereof in appended claims.k

Referring to the drawings:

Figure l is a sectional elevation of a floor structure which is made according to yand embodies my invention.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified form of construction.

Fig. 3 illustrates in sectional elevation a preferred form of my improved ioor construction.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the structure of Fig. 3, with parts thereof broken away to illustrate 'the formation of the different strata.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a block used as a part of this construction.

Fig. 6 is a similar view of a lsomewhat similar block,`a part of which is hollow.

Fig. Z is a plan View on a smaller scale of a section of my improved floor supported upon a frame of reinforced concrete. s

Fig. 8 is asimilar view of a section of the same kind of Hoor supported upon a frame of structural steel.

`Like characters of referencedesignate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring first more particularly to Figs.

3, 4, 5 and 6, it maybe seen that the floor structure is formed by placing a plurality of tiles or blocks on a temporary floor 'or staging which is not shown. These blocks may be solid as shown in detail .in Fig. 5 ,or1may be hollow tile as shown in Figs. l and v2, or partly hollow as shown in Fig. 6. .In all cases they are rectangular and 4have a flat base 20, Va thick portion 21, `and -a thinner portion 22 with a vertical wall 23 between the two portions. Vertical grooves 24 .may

be provided in the ends ofthe thick portions andsimilar grooves 25 in the ends yof the thinner portions. Horizontal grooves 26 and 27 are provided in the sides of the thick .and thin portions of the gblock respectively.

The block shown in Fig. 6 is like that shown in Fig. 5 with the exception of its thick portion 21 being shown hollow as at 28 and with no vertical end grooves 24. The vblocks are thick portions thereof back to back 4and with Va greater distance between'the thick portions than between the thinner portions and than between their adjacent ends.

Heinforcing rods 30 are 'held by stirrups 3l having ends resting lon the thick portions of adjacent' blocks. ods or wires 32 are placed in the spaces between the thinner sides of the blocks and tie rods or wires -33 are placed in the spaces between the ends of the blocks, so disposed that they pass over the rods 30 and under the rods `or wires 32. Concrete is then poured into the spaces between the ends and high sides of the blocks and the adjacent thin sides thereof shown at 34, to the level of the top of the thin portions of the blocks, 'thus forming a grid of interconnected longitudinal vand transverse concrete` beams. Before lthe concrete is poured, beams or 'sleepers 35 with nails `or spikes 36 driven therein are llaid lon top of the thick portions vof the blocks parallel with their walls 23. The concrete is Vpoured to a greater thickness to fill the spaces between the thick parts of the blocks, designated by 37 and between the vsleepers vspaced apart in rows on the Istaging with the 35 designated by 38. Thus T-shape'd concrete beams are formed between veach of the longitudinal beams between the thin sides of the blocks, which larger or main T-shaped beams are integral Vparts of the grid. The sleepers 35 rest directly upon the blocks instead of on the top of the ymain concrete girders and thus `do not add materially `to the thickness lof the structure. Furthermore, they are securely tied to the concrete girders by the nails orV spikes 36., Wood fiooring 39 may be laid on the sleepers. The under surface of the structure thus formed is plane and plaster may be applied directly thereto. Spaces 40 are left which may be used for pipes, conduits, etc.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the blocks are shown as constructed of hollow tile 41 having an eX- ternal shape similar to that of the blocks shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Instead of permanent sleepers such. as 35, mold boards are laid on top of the thick parts of the blocks in the positions of the sleepers until the concrete grid is formed and are then removed. vIn Fig. l a wire screen 42 is laid over the thick parts of the blocks before the concrete is poured into the spaces 38 to form the wider top portions of the main T- shaped beams and the spaces above this screen and between these wider parts of the main beams are filled with cmders or other light material as at 43.` 44 designates .on top of it.

a top layer of concrete and 45 a wood fioor This construction provides pipe spaces 46.

The construction in Fig. 2 is similar, but no screen is used and the light fill 43A occupies the entire space above the low part of the concrete grid up to the top of the main beams thereof.

In Fig. 7, 50 designates reinforced concrete columns, and 51 reinforced concrete girders. Fig. 8 is somewhat like Fig. 7 but shows diagrammatically some of the elements of a structural steel frame of which the columns are designated by 52 and the girders by 53. These figures illustrate the relations of a floor made in accordance with this invention to the frame-work of a building.

This construction is applicable to walls as well as to floors. It has the advantage of simplicity and is inexpensive, is easily set up and combines great strength' with a minimum of weight. Arrangements of preferred forms and construction have been illustrated and described for the purpose of showing how this invention may be used. But these are merely illustrative embodiments of the invention and I intend no lim itations other than those imposed by the appended claims.

What I claim is: .Y

1. In a building construction, a plurality .of blocksl each having ,a high part and a low part, said blocks being placedl in rows with their high sides adjacent each otherV yand so disposed as to leave spaces between i their high sides, and other spaces between their low sides, concrete beams filling the spaces between the" high sides and overlap.

ping the high parts of the blocks, smaller concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides ofthe blocks, and a metallic reinforcement connecting said concrete beams.

2. In a building construction, a plurality of blocks each having a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sides, other'spaces between their low sides and other spaces between their ends, longitudinal concrete beams filling the spaces between the high sides and overlapping the high parts of the blocks, smaller longitudinal concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides of the blocks, transverse concrete beams filling the spaces between the ends of the blocks and integrally connecting. the longitudinal beams, and a metallic reinforcement in each transverse beam connecting said longitudinal beams.

3. In a building construction, a Vplurality of blocks eachhaving a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sides, and other spaces between their low sides, main concretebeams filling the spaces between the high sides and overlapping the high parts of the blocks, reinforcingy rods in said main concrete beams, smaller concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said smaller concrete beams, and tie rods running over the reinforcing rods in the main concrete beams and under the reinforcing rods in the smaller concrete beams. Y

4. In a building construction, a plurality of blocks each having a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sides and other spaces between their low sides, main concrete beams filling theVY spaces between the high sides and overlapping the high parts of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said main concrete beams, supporting stirrups therefor running under the reinforcing rods and having portions resting on the high part of the blocks, smaller concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said smaller concrete beams, and tie rods running over the reinforcing rods in the main concrete beams and under the reinforcing rods in the smaller concrete beams.

5. -In a building construction, a plurality of blocks each having a high part and a low Y part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other, and so jdisposed as to leave spaces between their high sides, other spaces between their low sides' and other spaces between their ends,

main concrete beams and under the rein-.

forcing rods in the smaller concrete beams.

6. In a building construction, a plurality of blocks each having a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sides, other spaces between their low sides and other spaces .between their ends, main longitudinal concrete beams filling the spaces between the high sides and overlapping the high parts of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said main concrete beams, supporting stirrups therefor running under the reinforcing rods and having portions resting on the high part of the blocks, smaller longitudinal concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said smaller concrete beams, transverse concrete beams filling the spaces between the ends of the blocks and integrally connecting the longitudinal beams, and tie rods in the transverse beams running over the reinforcing rods in the main concrete beams and under the reinforcing rods in the smaller concrete beams.

7. In a building construction, a plurality of blocks each having a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sides, other spaces between their low sides and other spaces between their ends, main longitudinal concrete beams filling the spaces between the high sides and overlapping the high parts of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said main concrete beams, supporting stirrups therefor running under the reinforcing rods and having portions resting on the high part of the blocks, smaller longitudinal concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides of the blocks, reinforcing rods in said smaller concrete beams, transverse concrete beams filling the spaces between the end of the blocks and integrally connecting the longitudinal beams, and tie rods in the transverse beams running over the reinforcing rods in the main concrete beams and under the reinforcing rods in the smaller concrete beams, said blocks each having a flat surface and said flat surface and one side of each of said concrete beams lying in a common plane.

8. In a building construction, a plurality of blocks, each having a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sides, wooden sleepers having headed nails protruding therefrom laid on the high parts of the blocks and spaced farther apart than the spaces between the high sides of the blocks, and concrete beams filling the spaces between the high sides of the blocks and the sleepers thereon, overlapping tlfe high parts of the blocks and embedding the protruding nails.

9. In a building construction, a plurality of blocks, each having a high part and a low part, said blocks being placed in rows with their high sides adjacent each other and so disposed as to leave spaces between their high sidesand other spaces between their low sides, wooden sleepers having headed nails protruding therefrom laid on the high parts of the blocks and spaced farther apart than the spaces between the high sides of the blocks, concrete beams filling the spaces between the high sides of the blocks and the sleepers thereon, overlapping the high parts of the blocks and embedding the protruding nails, smaller concrete beams filling the spaces between the low sides of the blocks, and a metallic reinforcement connecting said concrete beams.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 22nd da of January, 1918. H RMANN HAUSS. 

